In 69 patients with behaviour and character disorders, pipamperone was tested under open conditions. Patients were observed during one month while receiving an individually adjusted dosage of the drug. As in all open studies a placebo-effect cannot be fully eliminated. The results however obtained by 18 independent investigators, using a rating scale for social behavior, suggest pipamperone in a median daily dose of 120 mg (range 20-360 mg) to be an effective therapeutic agent for the symptomatic control of target symptoms, such as rebellious behaviour, impulsivity, verbal or actual aggressiveness and negativism.