In this study the predictive value of personality traits and -disorders in the course of schizophrenia was explored. A cohort of 93 patients was assessed with a battery of tests purportedly measuring personality characteristics. Personality traits and personality disorders, especially anti-social personality disorder, were found to have predictive value for the course of recent onset schizophrenia. The outcome of this research endorses the hypothesis that Axis I and Axis II comorbidity influences the course of schizophrenia. More attention therefore should be paid to Axis II pathology in the treatment of schizophrenia.