Exhaustive review on the behavioral approach to bronchial asthma and concise description of an experimental therapy. After outlining the pathological condition the etiological importante of psychological factors is pointed out. An account is presented on theory and research of the conditioning of asthmatic behaviors in animal and man. Subsequently evident favoring the behavioral treatment of asthma (c.q. systematic desensitisation. relaxation training and operant techniques) is critically scrutinized. A brief report is included of an experimental-clinical study applying self-control procedures to a severe asthmatic woman.